Leaf diseases - when leaves get ill
Leaf diseases manifest as various visual abnormalities on leaves and other parts of plants. Symptoms can include changes in color, wilting, or dieback. These diseases are typically caused by fungal pathogens. Delaying intervention can lead to the widespread decline of the entire plant, which can be frustrating considering the effort and knowledge invested in planting and caring for the plants. However, we are here to assist you in rescuing your plants and preventing further damage.
Powdery mildew
If you notice a white, powdery, and easily washable coating on the surface of your plant's leaves, it is likely suffering from a particular disease. As the disease progresses, the leaves will change color to brown and eventually wither. The culprit behind this condition is a fungus. The fungus spreads by releasing spores into the air, which then land on the leaves, germinate, and develop a network of filaments known as mycelium. Unlike many fungi, which require moisture to germinate, this particular fungus, known as Powdery mildew, thrives on dry leaves. It is often referred to as "The fair-weather fungus" for this reason. Plants such as cucumbers, carrots, black salsify, fruit trees, roses, and other ornamental plants are susceptible to Powdery mildew infection.
Downy mildew
In contrast to the Powdery mildew, the Downy mildew loves moisture. Its spores swim on moist leaves and penetrate into the plant tissues through the stomas.
Whereas Powdery mildew settles on top of the leaf, Downy mildew infects the backside of the leaf. Here, the fungus builds a grey-violet mycelium. Endangered plants are radish, horseradish, black salsify, lettuce, lamb´s lettuce, peas, spinach, onions and grapevines.
Barley scald
This is an illness without uniform symptoms because the pathogens can be different fungi species. The pattern of damage ranges from yellow, red and brown to black areas on top of the leaves. At the beginning, there are small spots which get bigger and bigger. When these spots start to flow together, the leaf starts to wither and diebacks. Often affected plants are celery, tomatoes, marguerites, parsley and chrysanthemums. The disease spreads out rapidly. We recommend, from the beginning, to set your plants at larger distances between the single plants. This way, after rain, the leaves are able to dry very fast which reduces the risk of infection. Most spores are in the soil. So they can be swirled up by the rain and also get on the leaves. You can prevent this by covering the ground with straw like it is common for strawberry plants. Another advice is to water plants not from above but only from below.
Rust disease
Similar to the Barley scald, the Rust disease has yellow spots on top of the leaf and red-orange pustules at the backside of the leaf. Strawberry plants are often infected with this disease, but this is harmless and does not do any damage to the plant. To combat the disease, it is sufficient when you remove the infected plant parts after the harvest.
If your plants are infected with fungi it is important to remove the withered parts. Do not throw these parts into the compost because the fungi are able to spread out further more. You can get rid of them by throwing them into the domestic refuse. Strengthening plant broths are one recipe of grandmother’s kitchen in order to combat unwelcomed parasites. A strengthening remedy is very simple to make. You take an onion or a bulb of garlic and heat it up with water. After that you water your plants with this broth. You can also spray infected parts with this liquid. This process, however, should be done regularly. Otherwise it has no effect. You should use chemical pesticides only if the infection is very serious or appears perennially.
